EYE ON DESIGN BY DAN GREGORY

Entries categorized as ‘Building Materials’

Frames of Reference

November 13, 2009 · Leave a Comment

Boxes and Barn Doors

I am always struck by how important frames are, visually and virtually, in helping us see. Take this very simple vignette by artist Spy Emerson that caught my eye recently at Flora Grubb, an exceptional garden design nursery in San Francisco.

spy-boxes-3

The wood box — no bottom, just sides — focuses the eye on the blue bottles and the small plants, creating a vivid still life. The rough wood and the way the plants extend beyond the frame reinforce the naturalness of the arrangement. So sometimes thinking inside the box is more important. Flora Grubb is a talented designer/entrepreneur whose sense of composition is especially strong. She is most famous for her dramatic vertical succulent gardens — framed in sturdy boxes like this one

succulent wall

on the patio of her plant gallery. Each of those tiny plants comprising the mosaic grows out of a small soil niche that’s set on a slight diagonal. The frame literally holds everything together while the strong outline contrasting with the busy field of green is visually compelling in its own right. The surprising vertical placement is the clincher, making us look again — and again.

All of this rumination is by way of considering how we design or reinvent the boxes we inhabit and call home. The shape and character of the frame — walls and windows, their depth, height, materiality, proportion, and placement — are the keys to good design. One frame that has always appealed to me is the barn door. I like it because it’s a space saver (no extra feet required for the door swing — I like pocket doors too for the same reason), and it makes the opening simple and dramatic

photo2 atherton hse by tgh

as in this marvelous house by Turnbull Griffin Haesloop Architects (photo courtesy the architects) where one outside wall opens through a series of elegant contemporary glass barn doors. Here the door becomes a feature in its own right and also disappears as one slides across the other.

photo4 atherton inside-outside

It’s a form of architectural magic.  Barn doors always seem to harbor an element of surprise when they’re used indoors, as in this more rustic example  by Johnston Architects of Seattle.

cabin-bedroom-l barn homes by mary

Here they open to reveal the bedroom, as if it’s on stage (photo courtesy Sunset Magazine). In many cases there are latent or obvious references

Carlson

to real barns with elements like exposed diagonal bracing and expressive hardware. The example above is by Hutker Architects of Falmouth and Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts (photo by Brian Vanden Brink). The rustic aspect can become a signature fetaure and is used to dramatic effect by Faulker Architects of Truckee, California

tahoe-house-barn-door-l tahoe idea house, sunset

and seems especially appropriate for a rugged ski country home (photo courtesy Sunset Magazine). There are almost as many examples of sliding barn doors as conventional swing types because almost any solid door can be hung on barn door hardware.

Hardware choices include spoked flat track

spoked flat track

(shown above), heftier barn-evocative type

flattrack02sm u shape

as in this U-shape example, and elaborate stainless steel systems

section3_img stainless steel track

as shown here. All three tracks are from Barndoor Hardware.com.

Though a very simple architectural element, the barn door — like the box frame — can become a defining feature.

Categories: Architectural Innovation · Building Materials · Decorating Ideas · Kitchen and Bath · Regional design · contemporary home design
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West Coast Green and the Solar Decathlon

October 15, 2009 · 1 Comment

New Green Ideas for the Home

Calling home acquires new meaning with an application by Our Home Spaces, which turns an iPhone into an energy monitor and thermostat.

iphone thermostat app

It allows you to turn the furnace and the water heater on and off from wherever you happen to be. The system works with Proliphix thermostats. It was one of many products shown at this year’s West Coast Green environmental showcase, which  took place on the two main piers at San Francisco’s picturesque Fort Mason. A novel 200 foot-long bamboo trellis demonstration garden by Design Ecology — resembling a line of teepee frames –

West Coast Green  and Las Vegas 015

connected the exhibit halls and served as the emblem of the show.

Design Ecology drawing

The walkway’s native and drought-tolerant plant habitat, shown above in a schematic, illustrated key storm water filtration strategies: landscape buffer, hanging gardens as pre-filtration, and in-situ water treatment. Plans for a floating exhibit did not work out this year but I think a modern demonstration houseboat with a living roof would be a great draw in the future — call it the SS Green Living!

Here are some other new home products that stood out.  Nick Lee (Houseplans.com Services, Inc. Chief of Design) also toured the show and contributed several discoveries.

Green Lights. This trumpet vine-shaped LED (light emitting diode) pendant light system

M262 LED pendant from EST

is from Energy Savings Technology, LLC, a small Northern California company. The shape is a classic but using it to surround an LED light is new. The company also offers a sleek tube shaped light

M410_01 led light pendant from est

for installations over a counter or dining table. According to engineer-founder Gerhard Hoog  these lights provide either warm or neutral white light and up to 80% power savings compared to halogen spots or flood lights. They are fully dimmable.

Renaissance in Wood. That new hardwood floor you have been considering (actually I have been dreaming of replacing the dark brown tile in my kitchen with wood) might be older than you think. Recycled wood for flooring, furniture, and cabinetry is an expanding category at the show, with several companies represented. Wood Anchor, from Winnipeg, Manitoba, specializes in reclaiming and reusing wood from urban elm trees (victims of Dutch elm disease) and demolished grain elevators to produce flooring

West Coast Green  and Las Vegas 021

as shown above, and they’re always looking for more. As their website says: “Will Work For Wood.” I coveted their stools

West Coast Green  and Las Vegas 019

reclaimed from old timbers. Earth Forest Products, based in California, reclaims wood from barns, warehouses, and other buildings and also uses wood resulting from re-forestation projects as well as from FSC-certified (Forest Stewardship Council) forests. I liked their “wood sample tree”

West Coast Green  and Las Vegas 007

shown here. An innovative new wood flooring product was literally uncorked at the show: it’s made from slices of wine corks.

cork-showercork

These Showercork™ mosaic tiles by Sustainable Floors have a resilient cushiony feel. They come in 12- by 24-inch by 1/4 inch-thick sheets

showercork2 intallation

and are installed over a mastic, then grouted and sealed with a urethane finish like ceramic tile.

Mediterranean Energy. Solar panel technology is evolving toward flexible systems that form the roof itself and are not simply attached to it. The Solé Power Tile™

FireShot capture #241 - 'SRS Energy I Gallery' - www_srsenergy_com_Gallery_aspx

by SRS Energy is designed for Mediterranean style roofs and effectively mimics curved clay tiles.

Fresh Air. With new homes becoming air-tight thanks to more efficient insulation and building systems, poor indoor air quality can be a problem. Enter the electric Lifebreath Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV),

155_max_large lifebreath air exchange

which moves stale, contaminated, warm air from the house to outdoors and draws fresh oxygen-laden air from outside and distributes it throughout the house.

illustration.medium air exchanger

The two air streams pass on either side of an aluminum heat-exchange core that transfers heat from outgoing to incoming air. So on cold days warmth is retained as the air gets refreshed.

Green Days on The Capitol Steps

Take a look at this year’s Solar Decathlon on The Mall in Washington, D. C., ending this week.

2009 Solar Decathlon

Sponsored by the Department of Energy (photo above by Stefano Paltera for DOE), this international competition among college teams to design, build, and operate highly energy-efficient, completely solar-powered houses has resulted in an especially innovative crop of designs. It’s a veritable world’s fair of green architecture. Here are some highlights (photos by Jim Tetro, US Department of Energy Solar Decathlon).

Team Spain — photovoltaic walls and sun-tracking roof:

photo_gallery_spain-sm

Team Germany — louvers of integrated thin-film copper indium selenide cells (CIGS):

photo_gallery_germany-sm

Cornell University – corrugated drum shapes and solar panels:

photo_gallery_cornell-sm

Team California — solar power and maximized indoor-outdoor living:

photo_gallery_california-sm

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign — Midwest farmhouse forms and recycled barn wood:

photo_gallery_illinois-sm

The Ohio State University– recycled wood and solar collectors:

photo_gallery_ohio-sm

Rice University — growing walls:

photo_gallery_rice-sm

This year winning teams will be awarded $100,000 over two years to support the Solar Decathlon’s research goal of reducing the cost of solar-powered homes and advancing solar technology. Check out the Solar Decathlon website for in-depth coverage. What a great way to use the nation’s outdoor living room below the Capitol! Members of Congress strolled this “solar subdivision” on their front lawn with evident interest.

Categories: Architectural Innovation · Building Materials · Green Design · Home Products · Idea Houses · Landscape Ideas · Lighting · Modern Houses · Uncategorized

A Flooring Intro

September 11, 2009 · 3 Comments

Wood Flooring 101

Look down: what’s the floor for you? It’s a huge subject so I asked materials expert Rob Jones of Build Direct, an online warehouse, to give us an introduction to the most popular wood floor options he’s seeing at the moment (not including solid wood floors, which are defined as floors that are real wood throughout). I have edited his notes for space.

Strand-Woven Bamboo

Strand-woven bamboo is a subset of bamboo flooring made from the parings of conventional bamboo floors.The example below is by Yanchi.

ShowImage.aspx strand woven bamboo

The parings are the left-over strips of bamboo that result from the manufacturing process, when the rounded bamboo stalks are cut for flat flooring boards. The parings are then woven together, heated, put under pressure, and laminated into flooring boards. Because this flooring is made from a renewable resource and from post-industrial material, you could call it “super green.” The result is a very hard attractive flooring surface that takes stain easily and stands up to high traffic.

Laminate Flooring

The news in laminate flooring is that thicker options — 12 millimeters and up — are now available.

peru_gingerwood_room laminate

This example is Toklo laminate. Such a floor incorporates no real wood, but an image of a wood grain and colour on what is called a decor layer. The thicker the floor, the more like a real wood floor it becomes in terms of a walking experience. And laminates from 12mm to 14mm are still priced at less than a solid hardwood floor. Laminate floors with attached underpad are easier to install than typical laminate floors, adding to their popularity with do-it-yourselfers and contractors.

Engineered Wood

Engineered floors are considered “real” hardwood floors, with a top layer of real wood, which ranges in thickness from a fraction of a millimetre up to 4mm over a core of medium density fibreboard (MDF) and a backing layer, which allows greater resilience. A glue-less click-locking system eases installation. Here’s an example of Brazilian cherry

van-braz-cherry-2 engineered hardwood

by Vanier. Another choice is handscraped engineered hardwood flooring,

peppercorn-oak-floor-02 handscraped

shown here in a Peppercorn example from Burlington. Handscraped is popular because the contours in each board add texture and aesthetic versatility. These engineered versions are making the look more affordable.

Rob’s Notes on Retail Pricing

Bamboo. $2.50 – $8.00 per square foot. Factors that affect this pricing include grade, which accounts for more consistent and more vibrant natural colors, the cost of staining, and milling standards which affect how the boards fit together.

Laminate. $0.75 to $2.00/square foot. Some important factors affecting price are thickness, locking systems, and AC rating. The last factor is an international test that determines how much wear a laminate flooring product has been proven to take, with the results applied to where it is recommended it be installed. For instance, an AC3 rated floor is recommended in general residential usage. Under AC3 are to be installed only in low-traffic residential settings (bedrooms for instance, rather than front halls). Above AC3 laminates can be applied to commercial settings of varying degrees of traffic. It’s hugely important to take these things into account when shopping, which is why the tests are done. There are prices listed for $0.50, but these are usually ‘bait and switch’ deals on shopping engines. There are equivalent ‘bait and switch’ products in every category of flooring.

Engineered. About $2.50 – $7.00 per square foot. Species is a huge factor, plus the thickness of the real wood layer, overall thickness, and locking system.

Hardwood. $4.00 – $10. There are loads of factors which affect this pricing, all of which are named above in the prices for engineered flooring, but finished, unfinished, and handscraped and brushed effects are also big factors.

Final notes: Rob says two recent forces are affecting the wood flooring industry. One is the California Air Resources Board, or CARB, which places limits on formaldehyde emissions in flooring. The other is the Lacey Act , which is concerned with the harvesting and importation of wood products, among other natural resources, into the United States. Thanks for all the helpful info, Rob!

Categories: Building Materials · Decorating Ideas · Green Design · Uncategorized
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The Wonder of Concrete

July 8, 2009 · Leave a Comment

Concrete Casts A Spell

The latest Harry Potter film debuts this week, which made me think that if Harry designed patios, kitchens, or bathrooms, he’d use a lot of concrete. That’s because it’s so malleable and expressive and, like the best potions, incorporates both ordinary and unusual ingredients for special effects. But you don’t have to be a wizard to see the possibilities in this remarkable age-old material. Here’s a Gryffindor Common Room of counters, sinks, pavers, and garden benches to prompt your own transformations.

Let’s begin with concrete innovator Fu-Tung Cheng, founder of Cheng Design, whose new book is Concrete Countertops Made Simple (Taunton 2008).

sidepic_ccms book fu tung

The book speaks to the do-it-yourselfer, incorporating techniques, tips, and advice from his long career teaching people how to work with concrete. (Of the 350 members of his website, 250 have been trained as concrete installers by Fu-Tung himself.) It’s useful for anyone building a new home. Here’s a page showing three installations:

ccms_sample_04 image from book fu tung

The green triangular counter with the integral round sink is an example of sculptural geometry, and turns a tight corner into an expansive vanity; it’s practical as well as beautiful.

Fu-Tung designed the warm coppery orange-hued hearth (below) for a contemporary kitchen.

concrete_counter_04 rust colored Fun Tung

The smooth waxed finish and depth of color make you want to run your hand along the surface. I like the idea that this counter is both a hearth and a buffet.

Or here’s a concrete solution for a tight rear yard: a circular patio ringed with a bench.

ds_le_dowd_01 fu tung sf rear yard

The bench artfully outlines the terrace while providing ample places to sit. It frames the space and frees it at the same time: truly a form of design magic.

ds_le_dowd_05 fu tung better detail bench

Notice the characteristic Cheng detail: inserted elements — stones, rough texture, contrasting color — that draw the eye and add personality to abstraction. Here’s a view across the patio back to the house.

ds_le_dowd_07 fu tung rear yard back to house

It shows how the bench starts flush with the deck and edges the steps down to the patio floor. Such a compact, low maintenance yard suits a dense infill lot.

When I spoke with Fu-Tung recently he reminded me of concrete’s environmental qualities. He said: “85% of a bag of cement is sand and gravel, which is harvested locally, and so the carbon footprint is low compared to what’s required to cut and transport granite, for example.”

Fu-Tung is also branching into FSC-certified (Forest Stewardship Council) cabinetry with his new Plyboo line at Tonusa.

Sonoma Cast Stone is a company that continues to make waves — literally — in the concrete world.

earthcrete sonoma stone wave sink

I’m thinking of their marvelous undulating sinks, like the one above, which have been evolving ever since they debuted at the National Kitchen & Bath Show some years ago.

rampsink01

I’m also a fan of their Ramp Sink, shown above, versions of which Sunset used in several Idea Houses. Sonoma Stone also invented “Stainless Nucrete,” part of their lighter weight Earthcrete line, designed to resist staining from limes, lemons, tomatoes, wine, and oil, (which adds a patina that some customers do not appreciate). According Sonoma Stone: “Liquid soap and a wet sponge will keep EarthCrete totally new and guaranteed so.” Earthcrete products make use of recycled paper fibers, glass, ceramics, and industrial by-products such as fly-ash. The company is also known for an ever expanding array of concrete tiles and pavers, including their so called “Soft Stone,”

tiles13 soft stone sonoma

which has a pillowed look.

Concreteworks has made a splash with the clarity and simplicity of their designs, especially owner-artist Mark Rogero’s marvelous egg-shaped tubs, like the Napali, below.

t-napali by mark rogero

Getting into it must be almost like returning to the womb!

Concrete lends itself to a spare elegant esthetic,

spatub1 by concreteworks

as illustrated by this serene spa by Concreteworks East Studio and Catherine Gerry Interiors (photo by Todd Mason from the Concreteworks Blog). There is a Concreteworks Gallery with work by other artists as well, such as Alexis Moran’s architectural bookends (below).

t-bookends by Alexis Moran at concreteworks

They would make a good introduction to the material if you don’t want to spring for a kitchen counter or spa tub immediately, not to mention an easy way to store your collection of J. K. Rowling books! Or you could just sit back and use Harry’s summoning charm: Accio Concrete!

Categories: Architectural Innovation · Books · Building Materials · Design Ideas and Inspiration · Green Design · Home Products · Kitchen and Bath · Modern Houses